Apostolic Fathers




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  2. Clement of Rome
  3. Ignatius of Antioch
  4. Polycarp
  5. Review
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Church History: Complete Documentary 33 AD to Present

The Apostolic Fathers (Disciples of the Apostles) – 7:41 to 8:25 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFIXMM1KWyc&index=2&list=PLZlgk3G5aeaMs4Ti6UowLdwH32bu90E8S&t=520s


Persecutions, Local and Sporadic

Sometimes the people, sometimes the rulers in various places, would lay plots against us, so that, although no great persecutions took place, local persecutions were nevertheless going on in particular provinces, and many of the faithful endured martyrdom in various forms.” Eusebius of Caesarea. Eusebius of Caesarea: Ecclesiastical History (Kindle Locations 1459-1460). Kindle Edition.

Clement of Rome



Clement of RomeClement, Eerdman’s 125

  • Clement of Rome was an arch-deacon
  • Perhaps mentioned in Phillipians 4:3
  • Martyred under Domitian around 100 AD




An Outline With Pull Quotes I Found Interesting

CHAPTER I THE SALUTATION. PRAISE OF THE CORINTHIANS BEFORE THE BREAKING FORTH OF SCHISM AMONG THEM

CHAPTER II PRAISE OF THE CORINTHIANS CONTINUED

"Every kind of faction and schism was abominable in your sight."
What a change form the Corinthian church that Paul dealt with!
Does anyone but me think the Corinthians get kicked around more than other NT churches in today's pulpits because of Cessationist theology. Almost all NT chucrches in the epistles and revelation were problem children, but Corinth always seem to get trashed extra hard for their supposed spiritual immaturity."

CHAPTER III THE SAD STATE OF THE CORINTHIAN CHURCH AFTER SEDITION AROSE IN IT FROM ENVY AND EMULATION

CAUSE: "Every kind of honour and happiness was bestowed upon you, and then was fulfilled that which is written, “My beloved did eat and drink, and was enlarged and became fat, and kicked.” "

EFFECT: "Hence flowed emulation and envy, strife and sedition, persecution and disorder, war and captivity. So the worthless rose up against the honoured, those of no reputation against such as were renowned, the foolish against the wise, the young against those advanced in years. For this reason righteousness and peace are now far departed from you, inasmuch as every one abandons the fear of God, and is become blind in His faith, neither walks in the ordinances of His appointment, nor acts a part becoming a Christian, but walks after his own wicked lusts, resuming the practice of an unrighteous and ungodly envy, by which death itself entered into the world."

CHAPTER IV MANY EVILS HAVE ALREADY FLOWED FROM THIS SOURCE IN ANCIENT TIMES

"Ye see, brethren, how envy and jealousy led to the murder of a brother. Through envy, also, our father Jacob fled from the face of Esau his brother. Envy made Joseph be persecuted unto death, and to come into bondage. Envy compelled Moses to flee from the face of Pharaoh king of Egypt, when he heard these words from his fellow-countryman, “Who made thee a judge or a ruler over us? wilt thou kill me, as thou didst kill the Egyptian yesterday?” On account of envy, Aaron and Miriam had to make their abode without the camp. Envy brought down Dathan and Abiram alive to Hades, through the sedition which they excited against God’s servant Moses. Through envy, David underwent the hatred not only of foreigners, but was also persecuted by Saul king of Israel."

CHAPTER V NO LESS EVILS HAVE ARISEN FROM THE SAME SOURCE IN THE MOST RECENT TIMES. THE MARTYRDOM OF PETER AND PAUL

"But not to dwell upon ancient examples, let us come to the most recent spiritual heroes. Let us take the noble examples furnished in our own generation. Through envy and jealousy, the greatest and most righteous pillars [of the Church] have been persecuted and put to death. Let us set before our eyes the illustrious apostles. Peter, through unrighteous envy, endured not one or two, but numerous labours and when he had at length suffered martyrdom, departed to the place of glory due to him. Owing to envy, Paul also obtained the reward of patient endurance, after being seven times thrown into captivity, compelled to flee, and stoned. After preaching both in the east and west, he gained the illustrious reputation due to his faith, having taught righteousness to the whole world, and come to the extreme limit of the west, and suffered martyrdom under the prefects. Thus was he removed from the world, and went into the holy place, having proved himself a striking example of patience."

CHAPTER VI CONTINUATION. SEVERAL OTHER MARTYRS

CHAPTER VII AN EXHORTATION TO REPENTANCE

CHAPTER VIII CONTINUATION RESPECTING REPENTANCE

CHAPTER IX EXAMPLES OF THE SAINTS

CHAPTER X CONTINUATION OF THE ABOVE

"Abraham, styled “the friend,” was found faithful, inasmuch as he rendered obedience to the words of God. He, in the exercise of obedience, went out from his own country, and from his kindred, and from his father’s house, in order that, by forsaking a small territory, and a weak family, and an insignificant house, he might inherit the promises of God."

CHAPTER XI CONTINUATION. LOT

"For Lot’s wife, who went forth with him, being of a different mind from himself and not continuing in agreement with him [as to the command which had been given them], was made an example of, so as to be a pillar of salt unto this day. This was done that all might know that those who are of a double mind, and who distrust the power of God, bring down judgment on themselves and become a sign to all succeeding generations."

CHAPTER XII THE REWARDS OF FAITH AND HOSPITALITY. RAHAB

CHAPTER XIII AN EXHORTATION TO HUMILITY

"By this precept and by these rules let us establish ourselves, that we walk with all humility in obedience to His holy words. For the holy word saith, 'On whom shall I look, but on him that is meek and peaceable, and that trembleth at My words?'"

CHAPTER XIV WE SHOULD OBEY GOD RATHER THAN THE AUTHORS OF SEDITION

"For we shall incur no slight injury, but rather great danger, if we rashly yield ourselves to the inclinations of men who aim at exciting strife and tumults, so as to draw us away from what is good."

CHAPTER XV WE MUST ADHERE TO THOSE WHO CULTIVATE PEACE, NOT TO THOSE WHO MERELY PRETEND TO DO SO

CHAPTER XVI CHRIST AS AN EXAMPLE OF HUMILITY

"Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Sceptre of the majesty of God,"

CHAPTER XVII THE SAINTS AS EXAMPLES OF HUMILITY

CHAPTER XVIII DAVID AS AN EXAMPLE OF HUMILITY

CHAPTER XIX IMITATING THESE EXAMPLES, LET US SEEK AFTER PEACE

CHAPTER XX THE PEACE AND HARMONY OF THE UNIVERSE

CHAPTER XXI LET US OBEY GOD, AND NOT THE AUTHORS OF SEDITION

"Let us rather offend those men who are foolish, and inconsiderate, and lifted up, and who glory in the pride of their speech, than [offend] God."

"Let your children be partakers of true Christian training; let them learn of how great avail humility is with God—how much the spirit of pure affection can prevail with Him—how excellent and great His fear is, and how it saves all those who walk in it with a pure mind."

"His breath is in us; and when He pleases, He will take it away."

CHAPTER XXII THESE EXHORTATIONS ARE CONFIRMED BY THE CHRISTIAN FAITH, WHICH PROCLAIMS THE MISERY OF SINFUL CONDUCT

CHAPTER XXIII BE HUMBLE, AND BELIEVE THAT CHRIST WILL COME AGAIN

CHAPTER XXIV GOD CONTINUALLY SHOWS US IN NATURE THAT THERE WILL BE A RESURRECTION

CHAPTER XXV THE PHOENIX AN EMBLEM OF OUR RESURRECTION

"Let us consider that wonderful sign [of the resurrection] which takes place in Eastern lands, that is, in Arabia and the countries round about. There is a certain bird which is called a phoenix. This is the only one of its kind, and lives five hundred years. And when the time of its dissolution draws near that it must die, it builds itself a nest of frankincense, and myrrh, and other spices, into which, when the time is fulfilled, it enters and dies.Phoenix But as the flesh decays a certain kind of worm is produced, which, being nourished by the juices of the dead bird, brings forth feathers. Then, when it has acquired strength, it takes up that nest in which are the bones of its parent, and bearing these it passes from the land of Arabia into Egypt, to the city called Heliopolis. And, in open day, flying in the sight of all men, it places them on the altar of the sun, and having done this, hastens back to its former abode. The priests then inspect the registers of the dates, and find that it has returned exactly as the five hundredth year was completed."

CHAPTER XXVI WE SHALL RISE AGAIN, THEN, AS THE SCRIPTURE ALSO TESTIFIES

"Do we then deem it any great and wonderful thing for the Maker of all things to raise up again those that have piously served Him in the assurance of a good faith, when even by a bird He shows us the mightiness of His power to fulfil His promise?"

CHAPTER XXVII IN THE HOPE OF THE RESURRECTION, LET US CLEAVE TO THE OMNIPOTENT AND OMNISCIENT GOD

CHAPTER XXVIII GOD SEES ALL THINGS: THEREFORE LET US AVOID TRANSGRESSION

CHAPTER XXIX LET US ALSO DRAW NEAR TO GOD IN PURITY OF HEART

"For thus it is written, 'When the Most High divided the nations, when He scattered the sons of Adam, He fixed the bounds of the nations according to the number of the angels of God.'"

Deuteronomy 3:8-92, Hebrew Deuteronomy 3:8-92, Septuagint

8 When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance, when he divided all mankind, he set up boundaries for the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel.

9 For the Lord’s portion is his people, Jacob his allotted inheritance.

‘8 When the Most High divided the nations, when He scattered the sons of Adam, He fixed the bounds of the nations according to the number of the angels of God.

9 His people Jacob became the portion of the Lord, and Israel the lot of His inheritance’ [



The Septuagint states there are territorial angels. Is it a bridge too far that suggest that modern charismatics and Frank Peretti may be right in suggesting there are evil territorial spirits?

CHAPTER XXX LET US DO THOSE THINGS THAT PLEASE GOD, AND FLEE FROM THOSE HE HATES, THAT WE MAY BE BLESSED

"Let our praise be in God, and not of ourselves; for God hateth those that commend themselves."

"Let testimony to our good deeds be borne by others, as it was in the case of our righteous forefathers."

CHAPTER XXXI LET US SEE BY WHAT MEANS WE MAY OBTAIN THE DIVINE BLESSING

CHAPTER XXXII WE ARE JUSTIFIED NOT BY OUR OWN WORKS, BUT BY FAITH

CHAPTER XXXIII BUT LET US NOT GIVE UP THE PRACTICE OF GOOD WORKS AND LOVE. GOD HIMSELF IS AN EXAMPLE TO US OF GOOD WORKS

CHAPTER XXXIV GREAT IS THE REWARD OF GOOD WORKS WITH GOD. JOINED TOGETHER IN HARMONY, LET US IMPLORE THAT REWARD FROM HIM

CHAPTER XXXV IMMENSE IS THIS REWARD. HOW SHALL WE OBTAIN IT?

CHAPTER XXXVI ALL BLESSINGS ARE GIVEN TO US THROUGH CHRIST

CHAPTER XXXVII CHRIST IS OUR LEADER, AND WE HIS SOLDIERS

CHAPTER XXXVIII LET THE MEMBERS OF THE CHURCH SUBMIT THEMSELVES, AND NO ONE EXALT HIMSELF ABOVE ANOTHER

Let him that is pure in the flesh not grow proud of it, and boast, knowing that it was another who bestowed on him the gift of continence.

CHAPTER XXXIX THERE IS NO REASON FOR SELF-CONCEIT

CHAPTER XL LET US PRESERVE IN THE CHURCH THE ORDER APPOINTED BY GOD

CHAPTER XLI CONTINUATION OF THE SAME SUBJECT

CHAPTER XLII THE ORDER OF MINISTERS IN THE CHURCH

CHAPTER XLIII MOSES OF OLD STILLED THE CONTENTION WHICH AROSE CONCERNING THE PRIESTLY DIGNITY

CHAPTER XLIV THE ORDINANCES OF THE APOSTLES, THAT THERE MIGHT BE NO CONTENTION RESPECTING THE PRIESTLY OFFICE

Our apostles also knew, through our Lord Jesus Christ, and there would be strife on account of the office of the episcopate. For this reason, therefore, inasmuch as they had obtained a perfect fore-knowledge of this, they appointed those [ministers] already mentioned, and afterwards gave instructions, that when these should fall asleep, other approved men should succeed them in their ministry. We are of opinion, therefore, that those appointed by them, or afterwards by other eminent men, with the consent of the whole Church, and who have blamelessly served the flock of Christ in a humble, peaceable, and disinterested spirit, and have for a long time possessed the good opinion of all, cannot be justly dismissed from the ministry. For our sin will not be small, if we eject from the episcopate those who have blamelessly and holily fulfilled its duties. Blessed are those presbyters who, having finished their course before now, have obtained a fruitful and perfect departure [from this world]; for they have no fear lest any one deprive them of the place now appointed them. But we see that ye have removed some men of excellent behaviour from the ministry, which they fulfilled blamelessly and with honour.

CHAPTER XLV IT IS THE PART OF THE WICKED TO VEX THE RIGHTEOUS

There you will not find that the righteous were cast off by men who themselves were holy. The righteous were indeed persecuted, but only by the wicked. They were cast into prison, but only by the unholy; they were stoned, but only by transgressors; they were slain, but only by the accursed, and such as had conceived an unrighteous envy against them. Exposed to such sufferings, they endured them gloriously. For what shall we say, brethren? Was Daniel cast into the den of lions by such as feared God? Were Ananias, and Azarias, and Mishael shut up in a furnace of fire by those who observed the great and glorious worship of the Most High? Far from us be such a thought! Who, then, were they that did such things? The hateful, and those full of all wickedness, were roused to such a pitch of fury, that they inflicted torture on those who served God with a holy and blameless purpose [of heart], not knowing that the Most High is the Defender and Protector of all such as with a pure conscience venerate His all-excellent name; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

CHAPTER XLVI LET US CLEAVE TO THE RIGHTEOUS: YOUR STRIFE IS PERNICIOUS

Your schism has subverted [the faith of] many, has discouraged many, has given rise to doubt in many, and has caused grief to us all. And still your sedition continueth.

CHAPTER XLVII YOUR RECENT DISCORD IS WORSE THAN THE FORMER WHICH TOOK PLACE IN THE TIMES OF PAUL

Take up the epistle of the blessed Apostle Paul. What did he write to you at the time when the Gospel first began to be preached? Truly, under the inspiration of the Spirit, he wrote to you concerning himself, and Cephas, and Apollos, because even then parties had been formed among you. But that inclination for one above another entailed less guilt upon you, inasmuch as your partialities were then shown towards apostles, already of high reputation, and towards a man whom they had approved. But now reflect who those are that have perverted you, and lessened the renown of your far-famed brotherly love.

It is disgraceful, beloved, yea, highly disgraceful, and unworthy of your Christian profession, that such a thing should be heard of as that the most stedfast and ancient Church of the Corinthians should, on account of one or two persons, engage in sedition against its presbyters.

CHAPTER XLVIII LET US RETURN TO THE PRACTICE OF BROTHERLY LOVE

CHAPTER XLIX THE PRAISE OF LOVE

CHAPTER L LET US PRAY TO BE THOUGHT WORTHY OF LOVE

CHAPTER LI LET THE PARTAKERS IN STRIFE ACKNOWLEDGE THEIR SINS

CHAPTER LII SUCH A CONFESSION IS PLEASING TO GOD

CHAPTER LIII THE LOVE OF MOSES TOWARDS HIS PEOPLE

CHAPTER LIV HE WHO IS FULL OF LOVE WILL INCUR EVERY LOSS, THAT PEACE MAY BE RESTORED TO THE CHURCH

CHAPTER LV EXAMPLES OF SUCH LOVE

Many, too, have surrendered themselves to slavery, that with the price which they received for themselves, they might provide food for others.

CHAPTER LVI LET US ADMONISH AND CORRECT ONE ANOTHER

CHAPTER LVII LET THE AUTHORS OF SEDITION SUBMIT THEMSELVES

Ye therefore, who laid the foundation of this sedition, submit yourselves to the presbyters, and receive correction so as to repent, bending the knees of your hearts.

For it is better for you that ye should occupy a humble but honourable place in the flock of Christ, than that, being highly exalted, ye should be cast out from the hope of His people.

CHAPTER LVIII BLESSINGS SOUGHT FOR ALL THAT CALL UPON GOD

CHAPTER LIX THE CORINTHIANS ARE EXHORTED SPEEDILY TO SEND BACK WORD THAT PEACE HAS BEEN RESTORED. THE BENEDICTION


Ignatius of Antioch



Ignatius is Probably Best Known for This Quote

Suffer me to become food for the wild beasts, through whose instrumentality it will be granted me to attain to God. I am the wheat of God, and am ground by the teeth of the wild beasts, that I may be found the pure bread of God. Rather entice the wild beasts, that they may become my tomb, and may leave nothing of my body.” Ignatius, pp. 123-124


Ignatius of Antioch, Page 80

  • I prefer “Pugnacious” of Antioch
  • Bishop of church at Antioch
  • Initiated his own martyrdom by confronting the Emperor Trajan who happened to be at Antioch
  • Taken first to Smyrna, where Polycarp was bishop. Wrote Epistles to the Ephesians, the Magnesians, the Trallians, and the Romans.
  • Next stop, Troas, where he wrote Epistles to the Philadelphians, the Smrynaeans, and Polycarp
  • Martyred c. 107-117
  • First to use the term “Catholic Church”
  • First to refer to ruling Bishops of a church being above elders, but did suggest an Apostolic Succession of leadership

Trajan: January 28, 98 AD – August 7, 117 AD

"Ignatius was appointed to the bishopric of Antioch next after Peter in succession. Some do say, that he, being sent from Syria to Rome, because he professed Christ, was given to the wild beasts to be devoured. ...And even when he was sentenced to be thrown to the beasts, such as the burning desire that he had to suffer, that he spake, what time he heard the lions roaring, saying: 'I am the wheat of Christ: I am going to be ground with the teeth of wild beasts, that I may be found pure bread.'" Foxe, Chap. 2


Wrote Epistles To ...

  • The Ephesians
  • The Magnesians
  • The Trallians
  • The Romans
  • The Philadelphians
  • The Smyrnaeans
  • Polycarp

The “Catholic” Church

Though the universality of Christianity is a common idea in the New Testament, the term catholic never appears. Ignatius, bishop of Antioch in the early second century, is apparently the first to use the word. He spoke of the “catholic church” when he said, ‘Wherever Jesus Christ is, there is the catholic church.’ By the end of the second century the term catholic was widely used of the church in the sense that the catholic church was both universal, in contrast to local congregations, and orthodox, in contrast to heretical groups.” Shelley p 30


Sidenote on “catholic church” in Its Original Sense

The church was universal; all local congregations had a supernatural, not a hierarchical, connection to each other. While Jerusalem quickly faded as an important center of the faith, Antioch, Alexandria, Rome (and later) Constantinople, rose in prominence. These cities exerted influence throughout their respective regions, but not control. There was no centralized hierarchical structure exercising control over local churches everywhere until around the 6th century.


Calls to Endurance

Stand firm, as does an anvil which is beaten. It is the part of a noble athlete to be wounded, and yet to conquer.” Ignatius, p. 173


The Standard for a Disciple

My FAVORITE Quote from Ignatius: “Now I begin to be a disciple” Ignatius, p. 125


Ignatius of Antioch, Page 80

In his epistles, used some terms I found interesting
  • “Christbearer” – Spoken of Timothy, it meant a Christian
  • “Christ-seller” – A deceiver exploiting Christ for money or self-aggrandizement

Very Supportive of Church Officers

For what is the bishop but one who beyond all others possesses all power and authority, so far as it is possible for a man to possess it, who according to his ability has been made an imitator of the Christ of God? [773]
And what is the presbytery but a sacred assembly, the counsellors and assessors of the bishop?
And what are the deacons but imitators of the angelic powers, [774] fulfilling a pure and blameless ministry unto him
Ignatius,
“Thrallians,” Kindle, p. 106


The Bishop Bestows Legitimacy
“It is not lawful without the bishop either to baptize or to celebrate a love-feast; but whatsoever he shall approve of, that is also pleasing to God, so that everything that is done may be secure and valid.“ Ignatius, p. 161



The Right and Wrong Kind of Coin

The truly devout man is the right kind of coin, stamped by God Himself. The ungodly man, again, is false coin, unlawful, spurious, counterfeit, wrought not by God, but by the devil. I do not mean to say that there are two different human natures, but that there is one humanity, sometimes belonging to God, and sometimes to the devil. If any one is truly religious, he is a man of God ... The unbelieving bear the image of the prince of wickedness. The believing possess the image of their Prince, God the Father, and Jesus Christ, through whom, if we are not in readiness to die for the truth into His passion” Ignatius, p. 85


A Very Strange Claim

For even I, though I am bound [for Christ], and am able to understand heavenly things, the angelic orders, and the different sorts of angels and hosts, the distinctions between powers and dominions, and the diversities between thrones and authorities, the mightiness of the Aeons, and the pre-eminence of the cherubim and seraphim, the sublimity of the spirit, the kingdom of the Lord, and above all, the incomparable majesty of Almighty God--though I am acquainted with these things, yet am I not therefore by any means perfect; nor am I such a disciple as Paul or Peter. For many things are yet wanting to me, that I may not fall short of God.” Ignatius, p. 103


Ignatius Rejects Doceticism (The Belief that Christ Did Not Real Have Human Flesh)

Mary then did truly conceive a body which had God inhabiting it. And God the Word was truly born of the Virgin, having clothed Himself with a body of like passions with our own. He who forms all men in the womb, was Himself really in the womb, and made for Himself a body of the seed of the Virgin, but without any intercourse of man. He was carried in the womb, even as we are, for the usual period of time; and was really born, as we also are; and was in reality nourished with milk, and partook of common meat and drink, even as we do.” Ignatius, pp. 111-112


Polycarp

Polycarp
Mural from Catholic Church located near Smyrna

Who Was Polycarp, Eerdman’s 81

  • Bishop of Smyrna
  • Knew the Apostle John
  • Gathered and preserved Ignatius’ Epistles
  • Believed to have confronted Marcion face-to-face, calling him “the firstborn of Satan”
  • Irenaeus was one of Polycarp's pupils
  • Polycarp’s writings included quotes from the Gospels and Paul’s letters.
  • Annual celebration of his martyrdom became the pattern for venerating the remains of martyrs
  • Martyred c 156-160. The description of his martyrdom is one of the best known excerpts from the writing of the early church.


Polycarp’s Martyrdom, as described by Eusebius of Caesarea

  1. Polycarp foresaw his martyrdom in a dream. "10. And three days before his arrest, while he was praying, he saw in a vision at night the pillow under his head suddenly seized by fire and consumed; and upon this awakening he immediately interpreted the vision to those that were present, almost foretelling that which was about to happen, and declaring plainly to those that were with him that it would be necessary for him for Christ's sake to die by fire."
  2. Polycarp graciously welcomes his captors. "13. And when he learned that they were present, as the account says, he went down and spoke to them with a very cheerful and gentle countenance, so that those who did not already know the man thought that they beheld a miracle when they observed his advanced age and the gravity and firmness of his bearing, and they marveled that so much effort should be made to capture a man like him.
    14. But he did not hesitate, but immediately gave orders that a table should be spread for them. Then he invited them to partake of a bounteous meal, and asked of them one hour that he might pray undisturbed. And when they had given permission, he stood up and prayed, being full of the grace of the Lord, so that those who were present and heard him praying were amazed, and many of them now repented that such a venerable and godly old man was about to be put to death. "
  3. Polycarp resists gentle, common sense persuasion to deny Christ. "And he was met by Herod, the captain of police, and by his father Nicetes, who took him into their carriage, and sitting beside him endeavored to persuade him, saying, 'For what harm is there in saying, Lord Caesar, and sacrificing and saving your life?'"
  4. Polycarp resists threats and rough treatment. "They uttered dreadful words, and thrust him down with violence, so that as he descended from the carriage he lacerated his shin. But without turning round, he went on his way promptly and rapidly, as if nothing had happened to him, and was taken to the stadium."
  5. God encourages Polycarp with a supernatural voice: "17. But there was such a tumult in the stadium that not many heard a voice from heaven, which came to Polycarp as he was entering the place: 'Be strong, Polycarp, and play the man.' And no one saw the speaker, but many of our people heard the voice."
  6. Polycarp turns the table on his persecutors. "'Swear by the genius of Caesar; repent and say, Away with the Atheists.'
    19. But Polycarp, looking with dignified countenance upon the whole crowd that was gathered in the stadium, waved his hand to them, and groaned, and raising his eyes toward heaven, said, 'Away with the Atheists.'"
  7. Polycarp delivers the testimony he is remembered for to this day... "20. But when the magistrate pressed him, and said, 'Swear, and I will release you; revile Christ,' Polycarp said, 'Fourscore and six years have I been serving him, and he has done me no wrong; how then can I blaspheme my king who saved me?'"
  8. Polycarp offers to share the Gospel with the proconsul, an intelligent and thoughful man."21. "But when he again persisted, and said, 'Swear by the genius of Caesar,' Polycarp replied, 'If you vainly suppose that I will swear by the genius of Caesar, as you say, feigning to be ignorant who I am, hear plainly: I am a Christian. But if you desire to learn the doctrine of Christianity, assign a day and hear.'"
  9. Polycarp declines to cast his pearls before swine, the bloodthirsty crowd in the stadium. "22. The proconsul said, 'Persuade the people.' But Polycarp said, 'As for you, I thought you worthy of an explanation; for we have been taught to render to princes and authorities ordained by God the honor that is due, so long as it does not injure us; but as for these, I do not esteem them the proper persons to whom to make my defense.'"
  10. We Have WILD BEASTS! No Big Deal. "23. But the proconsul said, 'I have wild beasts; I will throw you to them unless you repent.' But he said, 'Call them; for repentance from better to worse is a change we cannot make. But it is a noble thing to turn from wickedness to righteousness.'"
  11. We have FIRE! Whatever, dude. "24. But he again said to him, 'If you despise the wild beasts, I will cause you to be consumed by fire, unless you repent.' But Polycarp said, 'You threaten a fire which burns for an hour, and after a little is quenched; for you know not the fire of the future judgment and of the eternal punishment which is reserved for the impious. But why do you delay? Do what you will.'"
  12. The Proconsul is amazed. "25. Saying these and other words besides, he was filled with courage and joy, and his face was suffused with grace, so that not only was he not terrified and dismayed by the words that were spoken to him, but, on the contrary, the proconsul was amazed'
  13. Polycarp Prays... "33. 'Father of your beloved and blessed Son Jesus Christ, through whom we have received the knowledge of you, the God of angels and of powers and of the whole creation and of the entire race of the righteous who live in your presence, I bless you that you have deemed me worthy of this day and hour, that I might receive a portion in the number of the martyrs, in the cup of Christ, unto resurrection of eternal life, both of soul and of body, in the immortality of the Holy Spirit. 34. Among these may I be received before you this day, in a rich and acceptable sacrifice, as you, the faithful and true God, have beforehand prepared and revealed, and have fulfilled. 35. Wherefore I praise you also for everything; I bless you, I glorify you, through the eternal high priest, Jesus Christ, your beloved Son, through whom, with him, in the Holy Spirit, be glory unto you, both now and for the ages to come, Amen.'
  14. They light the fire. "36. When he had offered up his Amen and had finished his prayer, the firemen lighted the fire"
  15. The fire miraculously illuminates but does not burn Polycarp. "and as a great flame blazed out, we, to whom it was given to see, saw a wonder, and we were preserved that we might relate what happened to the others. 37. For the fire presented the appearance of a vault, like the sail of a vessel filled by the wind, and made a wall about the body of the martyr, and it was in the midst not like flesh burning, but like gold and silver refined in a furnace. For we perceived such a fragrant odor, as of the fumes of frankincense or of some other precious spices."
  16. When the fire doesn't destroy Poycarp, they stab him, but the torrents of his blood extinguish the fire. "38. So at length the lawless men, when they saw that the body could not be consumed by the fire, commanded an executioner to approach and pierce him with the sword. 39. And when he had done this there came forth a quantity of blood so that it extinguished the fire;"
  17. The crowd marvels. "and the whole crowd marveled that there should be such a difference between the unbelievers and the elect, of whom this man also was one, the most wonderful teacher in our times, apostolic and prophetic, who was bishop of the Church in Smyrna."
  18. The Devil, furious at Polycarp's stand for Christ, tries to keep his body from the church. "40. But the jealous and envious Evil One, the adversary of the race of the righteous, when he saw the greatness of his martyrdom, and his blameless life from the beginning, and when he saw him crowned with the crown of immortality and bearing off an incontestable prize, took care that not even his body should be taken away by us, although many desired to do it and to have communion with his holy flesh."
  19. Enemies of the faith suggest Nicetes keep Polycarp's body from his friends, lest they take up worshipping Polycarp instead of Christ. "41. Accordingly certain ones secretly suggested to Nicetes, the father of Herod and brother of Alce, that he should plead with the magistrate not to give up his body, 'lest,' it was said, 'they should abandon the crucified One and begin to worship this man.' They said these things at the suggestion and impulse of the Jews, who also watched as we were about to take it from the fire, not knowing that we shall never be able either to forsake Christ, who suffered for the salvation of the whole world of those that are saved, or to worship any other. 42. For we worship him who is the Son of God, but the martyrs, as disciples and imitators of the Lord, we love as they deserve on account of their matchless affection for their own king and teacher. May we also be made partakers and fellow-disciples with them.
  20. The Romans burn Polycarp's body, and his followers afterwards collect the bones. "43. The centurion, therefore, when he saw the contentiousness exhibited by the Jews, placed him in the midst and burned him, as was their custom. And so we afterwards gathered up his bones, which were more valuable than precious stones and more to be esteemed than gold, and laid them in a suitable place.
  21. The Christians initiate a yearly holiday celebrating his martyrdom, a holiday in which his bones (a relic) are the central element. "44. There the Lord will permit us to come together as we are able, in gladness and joy to celebrate the birthday of his martyrdom"

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